Tác động của FDI lên môi trường trong điều kiện tồn tại Đường cong Môi trường Kuznets (EKC) (
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2019.30.8.1155Tóm tắt
Bằng phương pháp ước lượng Difference-GMM (hay D-GMM) trên mô hình dạng bảng động, bài nghiên cứu kiểm tra tác động của đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài (FDI) lên môi trường trong điều kiện tồn tại Đường cong Môi trường Kuznets (EKC), có sự kiểm soát các yếu tố như độ mở kinh tế, tỷ trọng sản xuất công nghiệp, đô thị hóa và thể chế. Bộ dữ liệu của 50 quốc gia mới nổi và đang phát triển, từ 2011 - 2017, được sử dụng. Bằng chứng được tìm thấy ủng hộ nhiều hơn giả thuyết nơi ẩn giấu ô nhiễm (Pollution Haven), FDI có tác động làm cho suy thoái môi trường trầm trọng hơn, và chưa có bằng chứng thống kê về tác động cải thiện chất lượng môi trường của FDI, được gọi là Hiệu ứng lan tỏa (Halo Effect). Ảnh hưởng của GDP lên ô nhiễm môi trường diễn ra có sự chuyển đổi, hiệu ứng hình chữ U ngược được tìm thấy, ghi nhận sự tồn tại của EKC.
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