Tăng trưởng kinh tế và ô nhiễm môi trường – Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm ở các nước ASEAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2022.33.2.05Từ khóa:
Tăng trưởng kinh tế, Ô nhiễm môi trường, Đường cong môi trường Kuznets, EKC, ASEANTóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này nhằm trả lời câu hỏi liệu các nước ASEAN theo đuổi chính sách tăng trưởng kinh tế có gây ra suy thoái môi trường hay ngược lại, cải thiện môi trường theo giả thuyết đường cong môi trường Kuznets (EKC). Nghiên cứu sử dụng dữ liệu bảng của 10 nước ASEAN trong giai đoạn 1990–2017 để phân tích định lượng mối quan hệ giữa ô nhiễm môi trường với tăng trưởng kinh tế và các yếu tố khác như: FDI, năng lượng, dân số, và đô thị hoá. Kết quả nghiên cứu định lượng cho thấy ở toàn khối ASEAN-10, tăng trường kinh tế gây ra ô nhiễm môi trường. Kết quả nghiên cứu ở từng nước cho thấy các nước như: Philippines, Việt Nam, Lào, Myanmar, và Cambodia đang ở nửa trái đường cong EKC, nghĩa là tăng trưởng kinh tế sẽ dẫn đến suy thoái môi trường; các nước ASEAN còn lại đã ở nửa phải đường cong, nghĩa là tăng trưởng kinh tế giúp cải thiện môi trường.
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