Bất bình đẳng thu nhập trong chủ nghĩa tư bản – Lý thuyết và thực tiễn
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2019.30.2.1Keywords:
Karl Marx, Simon Kuznets, Thomas Piketty, Inequality, Income Distribution, Chủ nghĩa tư bảnAbstract
This paper aims to analyze the salient economic perspectives of inequality and the evolution of inequality in capitalism. This study’s methodology is based mainly on historical approach, comparative analysis and descriptive statistics. Concerning with theory, the article shows the differences among Karl Marx, Simon Kuznets and Thomas Piketty on inequality. Karl Marx argues that capitalism is a mechanism of constantly creating inequality in relation to the private capitalist ownership. In contrast, Simon Kuznets draws an optimistic picture for the movement of inequality - developed countries will gradually reduce inequality. According to Thomas Piketty, income inequality tends to increase due to the capital-based and labor-based income divergence. For empirical perspective, the paper shows a multi-angle picture of inequality due to dissimilarities in statistical data, variables used in estimation and varying research methods.
References
Ahluwalia, M. S. (1976). Inequality, poverty and development. Journal of Development Economics, 3(4), 307–342.
Anand, S., & Kanbur, S. M. R. (1993a). The Kuznets process and the inequality - development relationship. Journal of Development Economics, 40(1), 25–52.
Anand, S., & Kanbur, S. M. R. (1993b). Inequality and development: A critique. Journal of Development Economics, 41(1), 19–43.
Angelini, E. C., & Michelangeli, A. (2012). Axiomatic measurement of multidimensional well-being inequality: Some distributional questions. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 41(5), 548–557.
Aristei, D., & Bracalente, B. (2011). Measuring multidimensional inequality and well-being: Methods and an empirical application to Italian. Statistica (Bologna),71(2), 239–266.
Aristei, D., & Perugini, C. (2010). Preferences for redistribution and inequality in well-being across Europe. Journal of Policy Modeling, 32(2), 176–195.
Atkinson, A. (1970). On the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2(3), 244–263.
Atkinson, A. (2008). More on the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Inequality, 6(3), 277–283.
Barro, R. (2000). Inequality and growth in a panel of countries. Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), 5–32.
Benjamin, D., Brandt, L., & McCaig, B. (2017). Growth with equity: Income inequality in Vietnam, 2002–14. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 15(1), 25–46.
Bigotta, M., Krishnakumar, J., & Rani, U. (2014). Further results on the regression-based approach to inequality decomposition with evidence from India. Empirical Economics, 48(3), 1233–1266.
Bourguignon, F., & Morrisson, C. (2002). Inequality among world citizens: 1820–1992. The American Economic Review, 92(4), 727–744.
Chotikapanich, D., Rao, D. S. P., & Tang, K. K. (2007). Estimating income inequality in China using grouped data and the generalized beta distribution. Review of Income and Wealth, 53(1), 127–147.
Deaton, A., & Dreze, J. (2002). Poverty and inequality in India: A re-examination. Economic and Political Weekly, 37(36), 3729–3748.
Decancq, K., & Lugo, M. A. (2012). Inequality of wellbeing: A multidimensional approach. Economica, 79(316), 721–746.
Forbes, K. J. (2000). A reassessment of the relationship between inequality and growth. American Economic Review, 90(4), 869–887.
Gini, C. (1921). Measurement of inequality of incomes. The Economic Journal, 31(121), 124 –126.
Justino, P. (2012). Multidimensional welfare distributions: Empirical application to household panel data from Vietnam. Applied Economics, 44(26), 3391–3405.
Kolenikov, S., & Angeles, G. (2009). Socioeconomic status measurement with discrete proxy variables: Is principal component analysis a reliable answer?. The Review of Income and Wealth, 55(1), 128–165.
Kolm, S. C. (1976a). Unequal inequalities. I. Journal of Economic Theory, 12, 416–442.
Kolm, S. C. (1976b). Unequal inequalities. II. Journal of Economic Theory, 13, 82–111.
Krugman, P. (2008). Inequality and Redistribution. In N. Serra & J. E. Stiglitz (Eds.), The Washington Consensus Reconsidered: Towards a New Global Governance. Oxford Scholarship Online. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199534081.001.0001
Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1–28.
Lorenz, M. O. (1905). Methods of measuring the concentration of wealth. Publications of the American Statistical Association, 9(70), 209–219.
Mác, C. (1976). Tư bản, Quyển thứ nhất: Quá trình sản xuất của tư bản, tập 1. Hà Nội: NXB Sự thật.
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (1969). Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Selected Works (Vol. 1). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
Maasoumi, E. (1986). The measurement and decomposition of multi-dimensional inequality. Econometrica, 54(4), 991–997.
Mayor, T. H., & Piketty, T. (2015). Income inequality: Piketty and the neo-Marxist revival. Cato Journal, 35(1), 95–116.
Phan, V. P. (2016). An investigation of the measurement of inequality and the causal effects of the pro-poor National Targeted Programs on inequality in Vietnam. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, University of Wollongong. Retrieved from https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4890
Phan, V. P. (2010). Khủng hoảng kinh tế thế giới hiện nay - Nhìn từ học thuyết kinh tế của Các Mác. Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Cần Thơ, 14, 1–7.
Phan, V. P., & O’brien, M. (2019). Multidimensional wellbeing inequality in a developing country: A case study of Vietnam. Social Indicators Research. doi: 10.1007/s11205-019-02104-0
Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the Twenty-first Century. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Phuc, P. V. (2018). The living standard inequality in Vietnam: A statistical analysis. Can Tho University Journal of Science, 54(8), 37–44.
Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality and poverty: Looking beyond averages. World Development, 29(11), 1803–1815.
Ravallion, M. (2005). A poverty-inequality trade off?. Journal of Economic Inequality, 3(2), 169–181.
Ravallion, M. (2007). Geographic inequity in a decentralized anti-poverty program: A case study of China. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4303. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Sen, A. (1973). On Economic Inequality. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Sen, A. (1985). Commmodities and Capabilities. North-Holland: Oxford University Press.
Sen, A. (1997). From income inequality to economic inequality. Southern Economic Journal, 64(2), 383–401.
Sen, A. (2003). Inequality Reexamined. Oxford Scholarship Online. doi: 10.1093/0198289286.001.0001
Solow, R. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65–94.
Skousen, M. (2007). The Big Three in Economics: Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and John Maynard Keynes. New York: M.E.Sharpe.
Theil, H. (1967). Economics and Information Theory. Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing.
Tsui, K.–Y. (1995). multidimensional generalizations of the relative and absolute inequality indices: The Atkinson-Kolm-Sen approach. Journal of Economic Theory, 67(1), 251–265.
UNU-WIDER. (2017). World Income Inequality Database (WIID3.4). Retrieved from https://www.wider.unu.edu/database/world-income-inequality-database-wiid34
Ward, P. (2014). Measuring the Level and Inequality of Wealth: An Application to China. The Review of Income and Wealth, 60(4), 613–635.
World Bank. (2005). World Development Report 2006: Equity and Development. Washington, DC: World Bank Group.
World Bank. (2012). Well Begun, Not Yet Done: Vietnam's Remarkable Progress on Poverty Reduction and the Emerging Challenges. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/ handle/10986/12326
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 JOURNAL OF ASIAN BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC STUDIES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
